The present situation in the field of iron ore pelletizing is briefly described with particular view of the lurgidravo travelling grate process. Traveling grate 5664 mm x 69500 mm rotary kiln 6858 mm diameter x 45720 mm long annular cooler 21945 mm x 3657 mm plant commissioning. Creating steel from lowgrade iron ore requires a long process of mining, crushing, separating, concentrating, mixing, pelletizing, and shipping. The iron ore pelletizing process consists of three main steps. How iron ore pelletizing has recently gained new kiln efficiencies more stable kilns, improved productivity and enhanced process control are delivering more for the industry than ever before. Pelletizing of iron ore was started in the 1950s to facilitate the utilization of finely ground iron ore concentrates in steel production.
There are several iron ore pelletizing processestechnologies available in the world. The primary area of application is the agglomeration of iron ore concentrate to form pellets with a target size of 9 to 16 mm. Iron ore is found in nature in the form of rocks, mixed with other elements. Iron ore pellets market size and statistics industry. The paper describes the main drive systems of an iron ore pelletizing plant and related important design aspects.
For the pelletizing of iron ore there are two main types of processes namely, the straight travelling grate stg process and. A wide range of different materials are pelletized including chemicals, iron ore, animal compound feed, plastics, and more. This chapter shows the status of the pelletizing process with a special focus on binders. Pelletizing the disk pelletizers are used for the agglomeration of powdery primary and secondary materials such as filter dust. Iron ore pelletization technology and its environmental. Introduction to iron ore pellets and pelletizing processes. Travelling grate tg pelletizing process segment is expected to account for a substantial share of iron ore pellets market analysis in the study timeframe. The composition of the invention comprises bentonite and molasses. In the usa the steel and ore companies saw in this the authors are with the research and development division, head wrightson and co ltd, thornabyontees, england.
The sixdigit source classification code scc for taconite ore processing is 303023. Both straightgrate and gratekiln furnaces have been accepted in the iron ore industry. Novel drying process assisted by microwave to iron ore. Outotecs traveling grate pelletizing plant is the industrys leading induration technology for iron ore pellet production for a wide range of plant capacities. His process involved grinding taconite to remove gangues and upgrading the iron ore i. Basicity in this context is the ratio between the weight percent of cao and sio2. Metso metso iron ore pelletization iron ore pelletization. It is shown how todays drive systems provide the desired flexibility for the process and lead to high energy efficiency and system reliability. Accordingly, effective december 20, 1984, the commission instituted. The present invention refers to a binding composition containing bentonite for use in binding finely ground iron ore. Pellets have good reducibility since they have high porosity 25 % to 30 %. Jun 24, 2019 learn about outotecs traveling grate pelletizing plant the industrys leading induration technology for iron ore pellet production.
Should the pelletizing of iron ore concentrate be considered. Metso iron ore pelletization iron ore pelletization. The chemical analysis of the olivine from greenland shows an. Beneficiation plants and pelletizing plants for utilizing. The sintering process uses the combustion heat of coke breeze fuel. It is the direct iron ore reduction process, enabled by those uniform size pellets, which finally leads to the tremendous reduction in. In the steel production process, there are two main steps. This chapter shows the status of the pelletizing process. The resultant highgrade ore is in the form of fine particles, as small as 0. Beneficiation plants and pelletizing plants for utilizing low grade.
This process offers greater flexibility to the steelmakers as it is adaptable to wide range of feedstocks including hematite, magnetite, etc. Similar to sintering, pelletizing is another widely used process to agglomerate the iron ore. Pelletizing is the agglomeration process applied to iron ore concentrates which were very finely ground to liberate the silica and other gangue components from the ore matrix and remove them through a mineral beneficiation technique. Some of them are shaft furnace process, straight travelling grate process. Metso is the only supplier in the world that has both the straight grate and the grate kiln process for pelletizing. The pelletizing discs used for agglomerating iron ore concentrates into pellets are remarkable for their very narrow particle size distribution with a target size of 10 to 14 mm, important for drprocesses. Beneficiation plants and pelletizing plants for utilizing low.
The mixture of iron bearing materials iron ore rubble, sinter andor pellets and additives flux material. In this investigation the usefulness of the olivine mined at greenland for sinter and pellet production was studied. Hyperactivation of bentonite in pelletizing process a. However, the content of iron in ore deposits has deteriorated and lowgrade iron ore has been processed. Included in this article also is a discussion of the mining of iron and of its preparation for smelting. P2g technologies in iron ore pelletizing process 5th researchers seminar 15. The invention also refers to process for preparing iron ore pellets wherein a composition comprising bentonite and molasses is used as binder. Iron processing, use of a smelting process to turn the ore into a form from which products can be fashioned. Iron fe is a relatively dense metal with a silvery white appearance and distinctive. Iron ore fines are agglomerated into pellets and then indurated using a furnace to create iron ore pellets. It is shown how todays drive systems provide the desired flexibility for the process and. Iron ore pelletizing gratekiln system brochure met.
Introduction to outotec pelletizing technology youtube. The iron ore beneficiation flowsheet presented is typical of the large tonnage magnetic taconite operations. Learn about outotecs traveling grate pelletizing plant the industrys leading induration technology for iron ore pellet production. The following describes operations at the national steel pellet company, an iron ore mining and. Iron ore pellet is a kind of agglomerated fines which has better tumbling index when compared with the iron ore and it can be used as a substitute for the iron ore lumps both in the bf and for dri production. Novel drying process assisted by microwave to iron ore pelletizing 3 2. It is an agglomerating process of converting iron ore fines into uniformed sized iron ore pellets which can be charged directly into a blast furnace bf or into a vertical furnace or rotary kiln normally used for the production of direct reduced iron dri.
Iron ore pellets market size and statistics industry report. Multiparallel circuits are necessary, but for purposes of illustration and description a single circuit is shown and described. Modification and redesign of equipment and processes. Some works have both pelletizing and sintering plants at the smelter sites. By means of various industrial processes incorporating cuttingedge technology, iron ore is processed and then sold to steel companies.
Should the pelletizing of iron ore concentrate be considered a mining or a metallurgical activity. For the pelletizing of iron ore there are two main types of processes namely, the straight travelling grate stg process and the grate kiln gk process. Future process and design aspects in iron ore pelletizing. The iron ore production has significantly expanded in recent years, owing to increasing steel demands in developing countries. Sintered ore is made by partially melting and sintering coarse iron ore 1 to 3mm in size into products having a size of 15 to 30mm. Creating steel from lowgrade iron ore requires a long process of mining, crushing, separating, concentrating, mixing, pelletizing, and. Iron fe is a relatively dense metal with a silvery white appearance and distinctive magnetic properties. The various advantages of iron ore pellets are given below. Pelletizing is a process by which variously sized orebearing. Us2799572a iron ore pelletizing process and product. The taconite ore processing industry produces usable concentrations of ironbearing material by removing nonferrous rock gangue from lowgrade ore. Material and energy balances were developed, based on a fixed flame temperature.
Extract from a paper presented at the torex international academic and practical conference. Hematite and magnetite are the prominent of the iron ores found in india. Pellet process uses and exposures may 2010 the iron. Circular pelletizing technology industry trends lack of lump ore circular pelletizing technology strong tendency towards mining of fine ore ultra fine ore grades 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 19401960 coarse hematite lump ore 200mm 19601980 coarse fines lump ore 1275mm 19802000 fines lump ore 1037mm 2000future fines. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed. Pelletizing is the process of compressing or molding a material into the shape of a pellet. Sinter plants are usually located near the blast furnace plant, but pelletizing plants are often located near the mining site. The fines resulting from the concentration process must be agglomerated for use in iron and steelmaking. Azari department of materials engineering, isfahan university of technology, iran received february 4, 2004. Metso is supplier of both straight grate and grate kiln pellet plants. Both are considered to be roughly equal when comparing overall costs and expenses versus the final product. However, iron ores from different sources have their own the process adopted to upgrade the fe content of iron ore is known as iron ore beneficiation iob. The taconite ore processing industry produces usable concentrations of iron bearing material by removing nonferrous rock gangue from lowgrade ore.
An overview find, read and cite all the research you need. Agglomeration by pelletizing discs an important process in times of rising worldwide demand for iron ore. However, iron ores from different sources have their own peculiar mineralogical characteristics and require the specific beneficiation and metallurgical treatment to pdf. The object of the process is to transform the pelletized concentrate into hardened pellets that can be used as blast furnace feed or direct reduction furnace feed.
Inside the inclined cylindrical rotating container, a powdery input material is formed with. The iron ore production has significantly expanded in recent years owing to increasing steel demands in developing countries however the content of iron in ore deposits has deteriorated and lowgrade iron ore has been processed the fines resulting from the concentration process must be. A brief introduction to recent developments in iron ore pelletizing is provided in this chapter, including the world output of fired pellets, pellet production processes, preparation of pellet. Hyperactivation of bentonite in pelletizing process. Of these, hematite is considered to be the most important iron ore because of its high grade quality and lumpy nature, which. Pdf sample proposal for an iron ore pelletizing plant. P2g technologies in iron ore pelletizing mariana carvalho r. Seqiolivine improves the sintering and pelletizing. An overview find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Pellets are made from iron ore that is finer than that used for sintered ore. The use of conventional bentonite binder is favorable in terms of mechanical and metallurgical pellet properties, however, because of its acid constituents bentonite is considered as impurity especially for iron ores with high acidic content. Pelletizing has great importance in iron ore mining, ensuring optimal use of mineral reserves and increases the overall blast furnace efficiency.
The iron ore concentrate is now mixed and ready for the pelletizing process. The pelletizing process is a process which contains numerous subprocesses, or process segments. Bentonite promotes the forma tion of ceramic bridges between particles, which can minimize the number of pellets that collapse during firing. Pelletizing a pellet plant contains a series of balling drums where the iron ore concentrate is formed into soft pellets, in much the same manner that one rolls a snowball, to make a pellet about the size of a marble between 14 and 12. Grate kiln systems consist of three major pieces of equipment. In general, the process involves two main steps, firstly the balling, where green pellets are formed with the addition of a binder to enhance agglomeration, induced by water and capillary forces. Wo2009109024a1 binder composition for pelletizing iron. Iron ore pelletizing process an overview intechopen.
The most commonly employed agglomeration technique is pelletizing by which a mixture of iron ore, water, and binder is rolled up in a mechanical disc or drum to produce agglomerates green or wet pellets. The iron ore produced by vale can be found in houses, cars and household appliances. Iron ore pellets and pelletization process ispatguru. It constitutes 5 percent by weight of the earths crust, and it is the. Bentonite, an inorganic binder, has been the main binder used in the iron ore pelletizing process since the beginning of pellet production in the 1950s. To meet todays pellet quality requirements with regard to physical and metal lurgical properties it is often necessary to add basic fluxing materials. Ahrens, abb switzerland, badendattwil, switzerland abstract the paper describes the main drive systems of an iron ore pelletizing plant and related important design aspects.
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